Introduction
At The Retina Clinic London, we specialise in the diagnosis and treatment of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR), a condition caused by fluid leaking from the choroid (a layer of blood vessels beneath the retina) and collecting under the macula, the part of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision. This fluid causes the retina to lift slightly, disrupting normal vision.
While CSCR often resolves on its own, some cases persist or recur, potentially leading to long-term vision problems if left untreated. Our expert team, led by Professor Paulo Stanga, takes a personalised approach to managing CSCR, offering tailored care and access to the latest technologies to achieve the best outcomes for every patient.
Symptoms of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy
Symptoms of CSCR can appear suddenly and vary in severity. Common signs include:
- Blurry or distorted central vision, where straight lines appear wavy or bent.
- Dark spots or grey areas in your central vision.
- Reduced sharpness or difficulty focusing on fine details, especially when reading.
- Faded or less vibrant colours.
- Increased sensitivity to bright lights or glare.
At The Retina Clinic London, we encourage patients experiencing these symptoms to seek an urgent consultation. Early diagnosis and intervention can help minimise the risk of long-term vision damage.
What Causes Central Serous Chorioretinopathy?
CSCR is linked to a combination of stress, hormonal changes, and vascular dysfunction, with several contributing risk factors:
- Stress: Elevated stress hormones, such as cortisol, can weaken blood vessels in the eye and increase the risk of fluid leakage.
- Corticosteroid Use: Medications containing steroids (oral, inhaled, topical, or injections) significantly increase the likelihood of CSCR.
- Age and Gender: CSCR is most commonly seen in men aged 20–50, although women can also be affected.
- Sleep Disorders: Conditions such as sleep apnoea can affect vascular function in the eye.
- High Blood Pressure (Hypertension): Poorly managed hypertension damages blood vessels and increases the risk of fluid accumulation.
- Type A Personality Traits: Individuals who are highly competitive or prone to stress may be more susceptible.
At our clinic, we not only focus on treating CSCR but also work with patients to address these underlying risk factors to reduce the chance of recurrence.
How is Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Diagnosed at The Retina Clinic London?
We offer a comprehensive and precise diagnostic approach using the latest technologies and techniques to identify CSCR and determine its severity. This allows us to develop a highly personalised treatment plan for each patient.
Our Comprehensive Diagnostic Approach
- High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT):
Using state-of-the-art OCT imaging, we capture detailed cross-sectional images of the retina. This enables us to detect fluid accumulation, measure retinal thickness, and monitor changes over time with precision. - Ultrawidefield Fluorescein Angiography (FFA):
This advanced imaging technique highlights abnormal blood vessels and pinpoint areas of fluid leakage in the retina. - Ultrawidefield Indocyanine Green Angiography (ICG):
ICG is particularly useful for examining the deeper blood vessels in the choroid. It is often used for chronic or recurrent CSCR to identify abnormalities not visible with standard imaging. - Artificial Intelligence (AI) Imaging Analysis:
At our clinic, we integrate AI tools to monitor fluid levels and assess how well treatments are working. This ensures precise adjustments to your care plan and gives patients confidence that their condition is being closely monitored. - Systemic Risk Factor Evaluation:
During your consultation, we will review your medical history to identify and address any systemic factors, such as stress, hypertension, or corticosteroid use, that may contribute to your condition.
How is Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Treated?
At The Retina Clinic London, our treatments are tailored to each patient’s unique condition and needs. While some cases of CSCR resolve naturally, persistent or recurrent cases require targeted interventions to protect long-term vision.
Treatment Options at The Retina Clinic London
1. Observation and Lifestyle Modifications:
- For mild cases, we may recommend close monitoring to ensure the condition resolves naturally.
- Lifestyle adjustments, including stress reduction, improving sleep quality, and reducing or discontinuing corticosteroid use where possible, can significantly lower the risk of recurrence.
2. Intravitreal Injections:
- For chronic or recurrent CSCR, we offer intravitreal injections of medications to reduce inflammation and fluid build-up, helping preserve vision and prevent further damage.
3. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT):
- PDT is a minimally invasive treatment that uses a light-activated medication (verteporfin) and a low-energy laser to seal leaking blood vessels in the choroid.
- This treatment is highly effective for chronic or recurrent cases of CSCR and has minimal impact on surrounding tissues.
4. Focal Laser Therapy:
- A targeted laser seals specific areas of leakage, providing relief in persistent cases. This treatment is particularly effective for patients whose fluid does not resolve through other approaches.
5. Oral Medications:
- Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists (e.g., eplerenone): These medications address hormonal imbalances contributing to fluid accumulation.
- Other medications may be used in select cases to reduce inflammation and improve retinal health.
6. Long-Term Management for Chronic CSCR:
- Our team works closely with patients to manage systemic factors, such as high blood pressure, sleep apnoea, or stress, to prevent recurrence.
- Regular follow-ups and imaging ensure the condition is carefully monitored, providing peace of mind to our patients.
Why Choose The Retina Clinic London for CSCR Care?
At The Retina Clinic London, we offer an unparalleled level of care for CSCR, combining advanced diagnostic tools, personalised treatment plans, and a focus on long-term management.
Why Patients Choose Us
- World-Class Diagnostics: Our cutting-edge technologies, including high-resolution OCT, ultrawidefield FFA, and ICG, ensure a precise and comprehensive assessment of your condition.
- AI Integration: We use AI tools to closely monitor fluid levels and treatment responses, ensuring that every decision is data-driven and tailored to your needs.
- Innovative Treatments: From Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) and laser treatments to intravitreal injections, we offer the most advanced treatment options available for CSCR.
- Holistic Approach: We address not only your retinal condition but also systemic factors like stress, hypertension, and sleep disorders to reduce the risk of recurrence.
- Personalised Care: Every patient’s journey with us is unique. We develop bespoke treatment plans and provide ongoing support to achieve the best outcomes.
If you are experiencing symptoms of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy or have been diagnosed with the condition, our expert team is here to help. Contact The Retina Clinic London today for a consultation at our state-of-the-art facility at 24 Queen Anne Street, London.