Introduction
At The Retina Clinic London, we specialise in diagnosing and treating a wide range of retinal and macular conditions using cutting-edge technology and world-class expertise. Led by Professor Paulo Stanga and a team of leading retinal specialists, our clinic provides personalised, evidence-based care to ensure the best possible outcomes for our patients.
Below, you will find a comprehensive guide to the most common conditions we manage at our clinic. If you have any concerns about your vision, we encourage you to book a consultation for specialist assessment and treatment.
Macular and Retinal Conditions
Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
A progressive disease affecting the macula, responsible for sharp, central vision. It is classified as:
Dry AMD – A gradual decline in vision due to macular thinning and drusen deposits.
Wet AMD – Rapid vision loss due to abnormal blood vessel growth and leakage under the retina.
Visit our AMD page for more information.
Diabetic Eye Disease
A group of conditions caused by high blood sugar levels damaging the retina, including:
Diabetic Retinopathy – Damage to retinal blood vessels, leading to vision loss.
Diabetic Maculopathy – Swelling in the macula due to fluid leakage, affecting central vision.
Learn more about our Diabetic Eye Disease services, including specialist screening and advanced treatments.
Cystoid Macular Oedema (CMO)
A condition where fluid accumulates in the macula, causing blurred or distorted vision. It is often associated with:
Retinal vein occlusion
Post-surgical inflammation
Uveitis or other inflammatory conditions
Treatment options include intravitreal injections and anti-inflammatory medications.
A thin layer of scar tissue that forms over the macula, causing distorted or blurred vision. Severe cases may require vitrectomy surgery to restore clarity.
A small defect in the macula, leading to central vision distortion and difficulty with fine detail. Surgery is often required for effective treatment.
Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD)
A common age-related condition where the vitreous gel separates from the retina, sometimes causing floaters and flashes of light. While usually harmless, it can lead to retinal tears or detachment, requiring urgent care.
Retinal Tears
Small breaks or holes in the retina that can occur when the vitreous gel pulls away too forcefully. If left untreated, retinal tears can progress to retinal detachment. Treatment options include laser photocoagulation or cryotherapy to seal the tear and prevent further complications.
A medical emergency where the retina separates from the back of the eye, leading to sudden vision loss, floaters, or flashes. Immediate surgery is required to prevent permanent vision loss.
Vascular Eye Conditions
A blockage in the retinal veins, leading to bleeding, swelling, and reduced vision. It is classified as:
Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRVO) – Partial blockage affecting a section of the retina.
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO) – A full blockage causing more severe vision impairment.
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO)
A sudden blockage in the retinal artery, leading to severe vision loss. This is an ocular emergency that requires immediate medical attention.
Inflammatory & Autoimmune Retinal Diseases
Uveitis
Inflammation inside the eye, which can lead to pain, redness, light sensitivity, and vision loss. It can be classified into:
Anterior Uveitis (Iritis) – Affects the front of the eye.
Intermediate Uveitis – Involves the vitreous.
Posterior Uveitis – Affects the retina and choroid.
Panuveitis – Inflammation throughout the entire eye.
We offer expert-led Uveitis care, including steroid-sparing treatments and specialist diagnostics.
Visit our Uveitis page for more information.
Inherited & Genetic Retinal Conditions
We offer specialist genetic testing and advanced imaging to diagnose and manage inherited retinal diseases, including:
Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) – A progressive condition causing night blindness and peripheral vision loss.
Stargardt Disease – Affects young individuals, leading to central vision loss.
Cone-Rod Dystrophy – Affects colour vision, central vision, and night vision over time.
Usher Syndrome – An inherited condition causing both hearing loss and retinal degeneration.
Find out more about our Genetic Retinal Disease services, including gene therapy trials.
Other Retinal & Ophthalmic Conditions
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR)
A condition where fluid leaks under the retina, causing blurry or distorted vision. Often linked to stress or corticosteroid use, some cases require treatment with laser therapy or medication.
Vitreous Floaters & Opacities (VFO)
Small shadows or strands in vision caused by clumps in the vitreous gel. While harmless in most cases, severe floaters can be treated with YAG Laser Floater Treatment or vitrectomy.
Learn more about our floater treatment options.
Posterior Capsule Opacification (PCO)
A common post-cataract surgery condition where the lens capsule becomes cloudy, leading to blurred vision. It is easily treated with YAG Laser Capsulotomy.
Certain medications can cause retinal toxicity, leading to vision loss if not detected early. The most common include:
Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy – Long-term use of hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) can cause damage to the macula, leading to permanent vision changes.
Tamoxifen Retinopathy – Tamoxifen, used in breast cancer treatment, can cause crystalline deposits in the retina, affecting vision.
Letrozole-Associated Retinal Changes – Letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, may cause subtle vascular changes in the retina over time.
We offer specialist retinal toxicity screening with advanced imaging techniques.
A condition where the eyes bulge forward, often due to thyroid eye disease or inflammation. Management depends on the underlying cause and may involve medication, monitoring, or surgery.
Why Choose The Retina Clinic London?
At The Retina Clinic London, we offer world-class care using the latest diagnostic technologies and cutting-edge treatments. Our unique setup combines:
- Expert Consultants – Led by Professor Paulo Stanga and a team of leading retinal specialists.
- Advanced Imaging – Including ultrawidefield OCT, OCTA, fundus imaging, microperimetry, and adaptive optics.
- Comprehensive Treatment Options – From gene therapy and clinical trials to laser and surgical interventions.
- Personalised Care – Every patient receives a tailored treatment plan based on their condition and lifestyle.
Book a Consultation
If you are experiencing vision changes, floaters, or any eye-related symptoms, our specialists are here to help.
- Call us today: +44 (0)20 4548 5310
- Email: info@theretinacliniclondon.com
Our team is dedicated to preserving and restoring vision, using the most advanced treatments available. Let us guide you on your journey to better eye health.